08/22/12 1:10pm

Continuing Untapped New York’s exploration of the subway art installed by MTA’s Arts for Transit program, this week I went to explore along the J/Z lines.

In an unusual but effective move, five stations in a row–111th Street, 104th Street, Woodhaven Boulevard, 75th Street, and Cypress Hills–are all decorated with one work by Kathleen McCarthy, Five Points of Observation (1990-93). At each station a wire mesh face stares out from one side of the platform, looming over the neighborhood. Commuters can peer through it at their surroundings, while passersby catch a glimpse of dark shadows in the station.

Kathleen McCarthy, Five Points of Observation, 1990-93. 111th Street station.

 Kathleen McCarthy, Five Points of Observation, 1990-93. 111th Street station.

The works are unfortunately graffitied at every turn, and not always as visible as they should be from the street, but McCarthy’s faces are considered attempts at drawing attention to the momentary division between subway riders and pedestrians, and asking them to observe one another.

Kathleen McCarthy, Five Points of Observation, 1990-93. 104th Street station.

Kathleen McCarthy, Five Points of Observation, 1990-93. 104th Street station.

I’ve nicknamed the J/Z “the glass subway.” This medium adorns the platform windows or signs at many of the stations, trading unpredictability and innovation for the durability necessary on unprotected platforms. At Alabama Avenue are the untitled glass mosaics of Scott Redden (2007). Unusual in their subject matter””they depict trucks, farmhouses, a rooster, and other signifiers of rural life””they seem to want to provoke nostalgia or pastoral yearnings, juxtaposing their sense of rest with the immediate cityscape.

 Scott Redden, Untitled, 2007.

While the imagery is simple I found myself caught by the beautiful and rich Chagall-esque colors of the glass. They provide contrast in another way, though: sporadically covered by plastic (probably for their own protection), the mosaics are often hard to discern through the scratches, graffiti, and heat blisters of their covers. The imagined idyll of the country is hardly visible through the realities of the city.

 Scott Redden, Untitled, 2007.

I didn’t have to crane and snap my neck at too many stations before I found SOL-SAX’s SOL’SCRYPT (2008) at Halsey Street. The artist claims that these brightly colored square mosaics””set off to their best advantage by a setting sun behind them””fuse African and African-American culture in motifs inspired by design, art, and music.

SOL-SAX, SOL’SCRYPT, 2008.

SOL-SAX, SOL’SCRYPT, 2008.

SOL-SAX, SOL’SCRYPT, 2008.

I was surprised to find, at Lorimer Street, “my” former subway station, that I had never seen Annette Davidek’s Roundlet Series (2002). When I got to the station I realized that it had been because I always entered at and waited by the east end of the platform, whereas Davidek’s flower-like designs are tucked away at the west. The intricate patterns are broken into colored pieces, fractured further by the glass’s rough-hewn edges.

Annette Davidek, Roundlet Series, 2002.

Annette Davidek, Roundlet Series, 2002.

At my first underground stop, Delancey Street – Essex Street, I encountered Ming Fay’s Shad Crossing (2004). Though the streets above are now more likely filled with designer shoes and $5 cups of coffee than baskets of fish, Fay calls back to New York’s natural and agrarian past with a lively mosaic of dazzling shad.

Ming Fay, Shad Crossing, 2004.

As I headed toward the end of the line, the subway art continued to turn towards New York’s past. At Canal Street, Bing Lee’s Empress Voyage 2.22.1794 (1998) references the 1794 expedition of the ship Empress of China, which returned to America loaded with goods from the Far East. Lee created a wall of stylized icons, looking toward both the 1794 expedition that signaled a new era of globalized trade and the current location of Canal Street as a center of Manhattan’s Chinatown.

Bing Lee, Empress Voyage 2.22.1794, 1998.

If on my previous trips I noticed how quality art was spread throughout the four boroughs and that often the works seemed to be celebrating the subway’s accomplishments and centrality, my thoughts this time were a little less rosy. It was depressing to see so much great art vandalized, and the reality that the best pieces are saved for tourists and highly trafficked locations was evident on a line with few of these.

I set off to find my last chosen piece at Fulton Street / William Street, a set of terracotta murals created by Frederick Dana Marsh around 1913. I wandered around the station for about 20 minutes before determining that they all still must be in storage during the construction of Fulton Center. And, somehow, the failure of my mission cheered me up. The murals, treasured bits of New York craftwork and history, are being studied and cared for at the same time that a multi-billion dollar transportation hub is erected. That’s our city, always looking forward and backward, proud of its accomplishments yet ambitious for more.

Check out more from our Subway Art series here.
Get in touch with the author at @kaygegay

08/20/12 12:02pm

The East River Ferry is no stranger to many of New York City’s inhabitants. Transporting passengers to and from Queens, Brooklyn and Manhattan, it serves as a daily mode of commute to work. Unfortunately, in our hurry to get to our destination, we often don’t get the chance to interact with the people who steer us there. Recently, Untapped Cities got a chance to sit down with a captain, Norman Little, and listen to his stories about working as a captain for 18 years.

We walked to the wheelhouse in the front of the ferry, where he greeted us with a smile. “Hello, it’s nice to meet you!” he said energetically, a feat considering he wakes up at 3 a.m. every day. He starts his shift at 5.45 a.m, and ends at 2 in the afternoon. However, there are days when he takes on additional shifts, which could mean he is on the ferry until 8.p.m in the evening. Within each shift, he gets a 10-minute break, during which he heats up some food in the microwave oven situated near him in the wheelhouse, and gobbles down a quick meal.

Perhaps his cheerfulness was due to the fact that we were on his favorite route. He was ferrying passengers in between the ports of Long Island City, Williamsburg, Brooklyn and Manhattan. He says the route is “challenging, because you’re not just going back and forth. Every docking is different” due to the currents in the East River.

While most of his days offer a routine schedule (and a spot of people-watching), Norman has seen some eventful days throughout the years. During 9/11, he transported families, stranded commuters,  politicians and later, bodies. In the days that followed, he would find himself crying at work. “It’s something you never forget,” he says haltingly.

Norman got into the occupation after a lifetime of boating. He has owned a total of four to five boats, each one bigger than the last, before his expensive hobby forced him to sell them. It looked like his boating days were over, until he saw an ad in the newspaper calling for captains. He applied, and has been here ever since. “I’ve always been a water person,” he said, smiling.

Stand by for our next series of articles on Untapped spots to check out along the East River Ferry!

08/16/12 12:36pm

After traveling through four boroughs to find art along the B/D/F/M lines, my next excursion kept me to the two cross-town trains that many Brooklynites depend upon. Neither train has express companions, so every station with Arts for Transit work is always available to straphangers.

I started up in Queens at the terminal station for the G train, 23rd Street — Ely Avenue / Long Island City — Court Square. Elizabeth Murray’s Stream (2001) adorns the transfer between the E and M trains and the G train. The artist was influenced by the movement of commuters through the passageway, emphasized by the motion of the automated walkways, and she mimicked it in her mosaic. During rush hour especially, “flood” might be a more accurate metaphor.

Elizabeth Murray, Stream, 2001.

At the same station, Frank Olt crafted four murals called Temple Quad Reliefs (1992) that draw upon archetypal architectural forms. The high reliefs make a “temple” out of the station, unusual notes of solemnity and grandeur, and, according to the artist, symbolize traits such as “endurance, renewal and perpetuity.” They seem to hint that the infrastructure of our public transit system is comparable to the temples and tombs of previous civilizations””that these will be our “ruins”””and they may be right.

Frank Olt, Temple Quad Reliefs, 1992.

Next, I took the G train down to Metropolitan Avenue / Lorimer Street to view the oft-photographed murals by Jackie Chang, Signs of Life (2000). Chang has delivered verbal dialectics, capturing their tension in mosaic: faith/fate, same/sane, history/your story. The minimal but elemental pictorial accompaniments””mountains, rocks, water””add another dimension of interpretation, as Chang asks commuters to puzzle through philosophical juxtapositions on their daily commute. Or they can just admire the graphic compositions, which requires about all the mental energy I can muster at 8:30am.

Jackie Chang, Signs of Life, 2000.

From Lorimer Street station I transferred to the L and rode it all the way out to the penultimate stop, E. 105th Street. There Michael Ingui fashioned Crescendo (2007), a tumultuous composition of steel and colored glass. Ingui’s scribble-like composition, which covers three sides of the platform entryway, continuously transforms, as the sunshine, doing the work of an artist, blends and reflects the colors and patterns against each other, ever changing as the day.

Michael Ingui, Crescendo, 2007.

I got off at the next station west, New Lots Avenue, to examine Eugenie Tang’s 16 Windows (2007), which are in a medium very familiar to borough-dwellers: the outdoor platform windows. Tang features daily urban life in her compositions, with common morning rituals on the Manhattan-bound side and evening ones on the Brooklyn-bound one, mimicking the rush hour standard. The windows mirror our own lives back to us, aestheticizing and elevating them.

Eugenie Tang, 16 Windows, 2007.

At Myrtle-Wyckoff Avenues, one must look up to catch Cadence Giersbach’s From Earth to Sky (2006). Giersbach mimics the ceiling mosaics and frescoes of sacred spaces through the ages with her domed composition, but instead of Christ in the center is a map of New York City. Perhaps I’m reading the piece more ironically than Giersbach intended, but the aspirations of the mosaic are both a contradiction to the dirty and unappealing architecture around it (which makes a good photograph of the work difficult) and a testament to the importance of this transfer station to the thousands of people who course through it every day.

Cadence Giersbach, From Earth to Sky, 2006.

Finally I reached 14th Street — Union Square, a busy subway station if there ever was one. In it Mary Miss “intervened” in the station as it was undergoing renovation, and selected sections of the old structure and façade to retain and highlight as living history in Framing Union Square (1998). The older architecture, much more ornamental than its contemporary replacements, was one of my favorite pieces before I even knew it was part of Arts for Transit. It testifies to so many facets of New York life: the changing demographics, the centrality of public infrastructure, the development of design and public art, and the city’s interest in and awareness of its own history.

Mary Miss, Framing Union Square, 1998.

Overall there is less art along the G and L train lines, partly because there are fewer major stations. The much-blighted G train, especially, suffers a lack of aesthetic charm (in multiple ways), and I’d like to make an appeal for increased attention to these lines. But the works I viewed seemed to coalesce around two themes: the permanence and technological construction of the subway system, and the centrality of it in our lives as New Yorkers. If””knock on exposed brick””our city were ever to be buried in the earth and excavated by curious future archaeologists, they would get at least one thing right: ours is a culture on the go, and punctuating our movement with visual art testifies both to how much time we spend moving, and how highly we value art.

Get in touch with the author @kaygegay

08/08/12 9:00am

Untapped New York has previously explored art along the 1/2/3, 4/5/6, N/Q/R, and A/C/E subway lines. This week, I tackled the B/D/F/M lines–the only group that travels through the four continguous boroughs, and Arts for Transit has provided compelling art in all of them!

On the mezzanine at Woodhaven Boulevard station in Queens, Pablo Tauler crafted nine metal columns called In Memory of the Lost Battalion (1996). The title references World War I soldiers who died in the bloody Battle of the Argonne Forest, and the beams have a natural, art nouveau style to them that recalls the sylvan landscape. The use of glass and metal both captures and reflects light, and as the harried commuter passes through she is temporarily transported to a natural glen, beautiful yet tragic.

Pablo Tauler, In Memory of the Lost Battalion, 1996.

There are four separate pieces at 34th Street — Herald Square station, but I especially appreciated two that are less noticeable. At the north end of the mezzanine Michele Oka Doner replaced the subway tile on one long wall with handmade burnished pottery tiles in varying shades of copper and tan. The wall, called Radiant Site (1991), shimmers with the artificial lighting and converts the usual harsh fluorescent space into an earthy respite.

Michele Oka Doner, Radiant Site, 1991.

On the north end of the uptown B/D/F/M are tucked David Provan’s kinetic sculptures, called Yab-Yum (1992). This work is provoking for many reasons. On one hand, it is a mesmerizing interactive piece, whose large pinwheeled arms spin in response to the air currents moving throughout the station. Yet, it is a reminder of some of the limitations of public work in the Arts for Transit program–the sculptures are hard to see, tucked into darkness, coated in dust and dirt, and not improved by the dilapidated backdrop.

David Provan, Yab-Yum, 1992.

From 34th Street — Herald Square I caught the D train all the way up to 161st Street — Yankee Stadium, and although it was my first time I plan on returning, if only for the subway art!

Vito Acconci / Acconci Studio, Wall-Slide, 2002.

Vito Acconci, an internationally renowned performance and installation artist born in the Bronx, and his studio deconstructed the station with Wall-Slide (2002). Instead of building onto the surface of existing infrastructure, as did Tauler and, discussed later, Mel Chin, Acconci revealed it. Throughout the station he juggled and cut away the tiles to create the effect of looking behind the façade to the geological and material underlayer.

Vito Acconci / Acconci Studio, Wall-Slide, 2002.

In the same year, Helene Brandt responded to the Acconci Studio’s work with a witty rejoinder. On the mezzanine level, the fractured walls reveal not rough dark stone, but a Room of Tranquility (2002). The mosaic view is trompe-l’oeil, combining Brandt’s two-dimensional creation of naturalism with Acconci’s pretending to it in three dimensions. Just steps from Yankee Stadium, the humor of an artfully collapsing subway station that falls away to reveal a hidden place of quiet creates some of the most effective public art I’ve seen so far.

Helene Brandt, Room of Tranquility, 2002.

Back in Manhattan at Broadway-Lafayette Street — Bleecker Street, I was surprised by how much I enjoyed Mel Chin’s Signal (1997). Chin’s evocation of signal fires was created in collaboration with a Seneca tribe member, and in response to the geographical location of the station which was once a major crossroads of Six Nations’ trade. The metal cones enveloping the bottom of central support beams evidence glass holes that glow in response to the coming and going of trains, and blue wall tiles are shaped in stylized representations of smoke.

Mel Chin, Signal, 1997.

On the uptown 6 side of the station (I’m cheating a bit, but the piece sits above the new under-construction transfer between the B/D/F/M and 6 trains), Leo Villareal has created a light installation called Hive (2012). The LED tubing is shaped to mimic the hexagonal pattern of beehives, yet also references neurological research and theories of mathematics and pattern-recognition. The colors move languidly through the shapes or flash quickly; the entire display is quite mesmerizing.

Leo Villareal, Hive, 2012.

My last B/D/F/M stop was way down in Brooklyn, at Coney Island — Stillwell Avenue. Here, avant-garde choreographer Robert Wilson effectively integrated his knowledge of theatrics into the subway station with My Coney Island Baby (2004). A wall of glass bricks that have images silk-screened onto them creates a large and glowing picture of Coney Island life for both tourists and residents.

Robert Wilson, My Coney Island Baby, 2004.

It sufficiently enticed me: after snapping my photos, I left the station and followed the corridor out to Coney Island.

Robert Wilson, My Coney Island Baby, 2004.

Get in touch with the author @kaygegay

08/01/12 10:47am

With New York City’s traffic jams and unpredictable subway trains, it can be a hassle to get around the city. Thankfully, with the new bike-sharing initiative in town, Citi Bike, launching next month, locals might soon find their lives a whole lot easier (although this is hotly debated here in New York–see below). Funded by Citi and Mastercard, and run by NYC Bike Share, a subsidiary of Alta Bicycle Share,  Citi Bike is a self-service bike share that will enable people to borrow a bike to ride across the city easily, simultaneously creating a sustainable alternative mode of transportation.

When it is launched next month, the ambitious Citi Bike project is going to be the largest bikeshare in the United States, a commendable feat, no doubt. It will consist of 600 stations, and 10,000 bikes in Manhattan, Brooklyn and Queens, strategically placed around the city. Plans for this bike share have been underway for a long time, with the  NYCDOT researching on using open source data  to plan the locations of the bike share stations.  The kiosks, the majority which will be wireless and solar powered, will have docks for the bikes, locks and local maps. Steven Romalewski of Spatiality Blog did a great GIS analysis of the proximity of bike kiosks to mass transit options.

Anyone 16 and older will be able to sign up for either the 24-hour, 7-day, or annual access pass. These passes will give members unlimited trips, although charges will apply for trips lasting longer than 30 or 45 minutes, depending on the pass, since the Citi Bike initiative was envisioned for rides less than 3 miles. Members will be provided with an unlocking code or a special key to unlock their bikes at the docks.

To promote the bike share, Citi Bike has been setting up infobooths around New York, with the Department of Transportation  (NYCDOT) booth distributing free helmets. According to Citi Bike’s website, over 50,000 helmets have already been distributed for free since 2007. Citi Bike is still working with the bicycle industry to provide discounted helmets for members of the bike share.

Still, City Hall has been accused of “pedaling past safety measures,” according to Comptroller John Liu who released new safety recommendations just last month. Then there is the question of whether there are enough bike lanes despite the additional 270 miles of bike lanes added since 2006 (700+ miles total), counterbalanced with the backlash against bike lanes. The Bronx and Staten Island won’t have any bike stations at all at launch. And of course there is the ongoing battle between pedestrians, cyclists, car drivers and the police, as evidenced by Casey Neistat’s video that went viral last year:

It will be interesting to see how Citi Bike will change transportation and social culture in New York City. While already firmly in places such as Spain, London and Paris, the bike share trend has still places to go in the United States.

In comparison, Paris’ resurgence in bike-sharing can be attributed to the popularity of 2007′s Velib’, a network of 20,000+ bicycles distributed among 1450 stations throughout Paris. It is now considered the 2nd largest bike-sharing system in the world. While it is considered successful in terms of usage, 80% of the bikes have been damaged or stolen, despite active maintenance efforts by the city and good citizens (turning the seat backwards indicates that a bike is broken). Bikes have been found all over Paris in various states of disrepair, from the Seine, to hanging from lampposts, or even just on the roadside. These bikes have gone international too, with Velib’ bikes having been found as far as Eastern Europe and North Africa. With New York City’s reputation, Citi Bike might have to take extra measures to ensure that the same doesn’t happen with these new bikes, and that safety measures are as pervasive as the bikes themselves.

In the meantime, check out more of Citi’s demonstration events around in New York City, usually posted on their Twitter account. Try the bikes, sign up, or at the very least, get a free helmet! What’s your opinion on the Citi Bike program?

08/01/12 10:01am

A+C+E Lines

42nd Street-Port Authority Bus Terminal

A splash of color takes up the walls near the passageway between the Times Square hub and Port Authority Bus Terminal.   Lisa Dinhofer’s Losing my Marbles captures the motions of toy marbles while in mid-flight, breaking free from its constraints as a two-dimensional piece of work.   According to Dinhofer, “Every object I paint actually exists; I work from life. The space I create is believable – but not real. Because I design my own space, I call myself an ‘illusionist’ painter rather than a ‘realist’. The space in my work is invented. It’s flattened – like the space we see on a television or a computer screen.”

34th Street-Penn Station

I wouldn’t guess that this mural, The Garden of Circus Delights, is partly a symbol for Dante’s Inferno, but artist Eric Fischl explains “I thought it would be amusing to do a contemporary Dante’s Inferno, to turn commuting into a spiritual quest.”   The mosaic, with its fire-breathers, clowns, and other performers, accompanies travelers through this fantastical circus world.   Moreover, the various shades of gold, red, and brown work together to create a contrast between the mysterious life of the circus and the plain, florescent-lit world of subway traveling.

14th Street/Eighth Avenue

I have found that out of all the subway artworks, publications and other media outlets predominately feature Tom Otterness’s Life Underground.   With figures that sit alongside commuters, scale the walls, and crawl under railings, I believe that their popularity lies in the fact that while travelers find these figures in abundance, some of them are placed in unexpected, out-of-sight places that when found.   It’s like discovering buried treasure.

Canal Street

181 grackles, blackbirds, and crows have permanently perched themselves on the railings, beams, and token booth at this station.   Designed by Walter Martin and Paloma Muà ±oz, A Gathering highlights the thought that beyond the clear differences, humans and birds are both incredibly social creatures .

When examining these bronze sculptures, some birds look downwards at the anticipated incoming train, some look directly at the bird next to itself while that bird then looks upward at the group of birds settled above on the mezzanine beams.   These glances among themselves and between riders crafts an intricate series of interactions that some commuters may catch while walking though this passageway.

Our previous coverage of art along other subway lines looks at the 1/2/3, 4/5/6 and N/Q/R lines. Get in touch with the author  @iyisak